More than half of landlords will pass at least some of the costs that it will take to improve the energy efficiency of their properties on to their tenants.

A new report from Shawbrook Bank, Confronting the EPC Challenge, found that landlords in London were most likely to pass costs on to tenants, with the expectation that any works will cost £5,900 on average, the study shows.

This figure, however, could be significantly underestimated as landlords who have already made improvements to their properties have spent £8,900 on average to date.

The study revealed that over half of landlords’ plan to pass at least some of the costs that it will take to improve their properties’ energy efficiency rating onto their tenants, with tenants in London most likely to see costs passed onto them.

Some 23% of landlords will not pass any costs on to their tenants.

Whether landlords put up rents initially or not, many expect them to rise as a natural consequence of the new regulations with nearly a fifth – 18% – of landlords expecting this.

However, tenants living in energy efficient properties can expect lower energy bills as a result of key features within the property, such a better insulation, energy-saving appliances, heating controls and energy-efficient windows.

Emma Cox, MD of real estate at Shawbrook Bank, commented: “Landlords will need to strike an important balance when it comes to making the necessary energy efficiency improvements to their properties. While work needs to be carried out quickly to prevent any void periods during a tenancy, having a clear plan in place as to how they will fund any necessary works is crucial. Our research has shown that landlords may be underestimating the costs involved, leaving them open to unexpected bills.

“As a result, tenants could be caught in the crossfire as landlords seek to recoup some of the costs. While tenants can expect to benefit from cheaper energy bills as a result of greater energy efficiency, any savings on bills could be outweighed by a market wide rent rise in 2025.

“For landlords unaware of the level of work that may be needed on their property, or properties, as well as any associated costs, speaking to a mortgage broker or lender sooner rather than later could help to paint a clearer picture. Understanding when they need to begin works to meet the proposed deadline will allow landlords the opportunity to fully assess their options and funding requirements.

“Landlords have a key part to play in the drive towards a greener future for the UK. While challenges and questions still remain, bringing the wider market together to educate landlords and support tenants during the process will help to mitigate some of the upcoming challenges.”